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Collaboration With Clinicians in Inpatient Mental Healthcare: A Qualitative Investigation of Consumer Perspectives.

Authors: Zugai JS, Gill K, Kinghorn G, Ramjan L, Salamonson Y, Molloy L
Journal: International journal of mental health nursing
mental health psychology open access

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 720,000 individuals die
by suicide annually, making it the third leading cause of death among individuals
aged 15–29 []. From 2015–2019, the estimated prevalence of suicidal ideation
(SI) in the general adult population in the United States ranged from about 4 to
6% [, ]. Similar SI rates (5.5%) were reported in Israel []. Early
identification of individuals experiencing SI is critical, since more than 60%
of suicide attempts occur within the year following SI []. Transition rates from
SI to suicide attempts were reported to range from 2.6 to 37%; mental health
disorders, particularly depression and anxiety, were associated with an increased
risk of attempting suicide []. Chronic pain has been consistently identified as a significant risk factor for
suicidality, regardless of its underlying etiology []. Moreover, chronic
pain-related factors such as mental health [], sleep disturbances [], comorbid
chronic pain conditions [], multi-health conditions [], and physical pain
[] were also associated with a higher likelihood of suicidal thoughts or
destructive behavior. SI has been extensively examined across chronic pain
conditions; higher rates of suicidality have been reported among individuals with
fibromyalgia [], back pain, migraine, non-migraine headache, neck pain, and
arthritis []. In line with this, the WHO identified chronic pain as a potential
risk factor for suicide, along with other established risk factors, such as prior
suicide attempts, mental health disorders, substance use, financial hardship, and
a family history of suicide []. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) constitute a heterogeneous group of
musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular
joint (TMJ) complex, as well as the associated musculature and osseous structures
[]. The etiology of TMD is multifactorial, involving biological, environmental,
social, emotional, and cognitive components, consistent with the biopsychosocial
model []. In a recent systematic review and meta-analysis, the global
prevalence of TMD was estimated at 35.4%, based on studies that used the
diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD). Therefore, it was concluded that TMD may
represent significant medical, financial, and social burdens []. Clinical
manifestations of TMD range from mild, self-limiting discomfort to chronic pain
and dysfunction, resulting in significant disability and a diminished quality of
life. Accumulating evidence suggests that roughly one-third to one-half of
patients with TMD develop a chronic condition over time []. It has been
estimated that about 85% of the costs associated with TMD treatment are largely
attributable to a relatively small proportion of patients who develop chronic TMD
[]. Consequently, a key clinical challenge is to identify early those patients
with established or potential chronic pain, as well as those patients expressing
SI and require individualized treatment strategies and considerations to optimize
their outcomes [].