Effects of Remotely Delivered and Web-Based Interventions on Depression Severity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.

Open-globe injuries (OGIs) are ocular injuries associated with the worst visual outcomes and may result in monocular or bilateral blindness, particularly in eyes with globe rupture [,]. Adequate corneal transparency is essential for visualization of posterior segment pathology. In severe ocular trauma, however, corneal transparency may be compromised, limiting clinical assessment and impeding surgical repair. Among trauma-related corneal opacities, corneal blood staining is one of the most challenging conditions. It is characterized by deposition of hemoglobin and its breakdown products within the corneal stroma [], most commonly following prolonged hyphema and elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) [,], but it has also been reported in eyes with low IOP [,]. Disruption of endothelial function, stromal impregnation by erythrocyte derivatives, and impaired metabolic clearance contribute to its development []. In eyes with corneal blood staining requiring pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), a temporary keratoprosthesis (TKP) is commonly used to facilitate posterior segment visualization []. This approach, however, necessitates donor tissue for subsequent allograft penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and is associated with risks of graft rejection and infection related to long-term immunosuppression []. Furthermore, given the poor prognosis in eyes with extensive posterior segment damage, the indication for immediate PKP may be uncertain. Although endoscopy-assisted vitrectomy has been proposed as an alternative, its adoption is limited by low image resolution, restricted field of view, specialized equipment requirements, and a steep learning curve [–].