Homeostatic DNMT3a Activity Is Required to Restore Cognition and Hippocampal DNA Methylation in the 5xFAD Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Endovascular approaches have become ubiquitous in vascular surgery with endografts used in several procedures to treat a wide variety of vascular pathology []. For infrarenal aortic aneurysms that meet anatomic criteria, endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) has become an accepted mainstay therapy for most patients. With new innovations and increasing user familiarity, endovascular approaches will continue to grow in its applications []. Vascular surgeons often work closely with industry partners to enhance device understanding and develop new products. However, this collaboration can result in unintended ethical concerns, such as biasing surgeons towards company products. Additionally, issues related to patient privacy may arise, since device sales representatives (DSRs) are not members of the direct care team and their presence in operating rooms (ORs) is not always disclosed []. Vascular surgeons and residents interact routinely with DSRs, who play a role in education and device familiarization. Residents often participate in simulation sessions led by DSRs to learn proper device sizing and gain relevant product knowledge. DSRs also demonstrate new products to surgeons to keep them updated on the latest advancements []. For clinical practice, DSRs are consulted in many endovascular cases. They provide their product expertise in planning for these procedures and are often present in the OR to guide device deployment and to troubleshoot malfunctions []. In other medical fields, particularly with the pharmaceutical industry, there is evidence of sales representatives influencing physician behavior for profit []. Within vascular surgery, our previous survey of Canadian Society for Vascular Surgery members found that most surgeons did not perceive significant ethical issues with DSR presence in the OR. However, many believed their colleagues might be influenced by such collaborations []. This raises the question of whether the clinical benefits of DSR presence in the OR outweigh potential ethical concerns.