A proposal for realizing cognitive functions using traveling waves, phase-locked and synchronized patterns, holography, neural mixing, and single sideband communications.

Ethical leadership has emerged as a growing concern in modern sport organizations, as coaches have a significant moral, psychological, and developmental role with athletes. Coaches have the power to influence team norms, expectations around training, access to opportunities, assessment of performances, and athletes’ sense of fairness, belonging, and their long-term commitment to their teams or sport organizations (; ; ). This ethical aspect of coaching behavior is particularly relevant in a competitive sports context in which coaches have authority, are decisive in the selection and development of their athletes, and are confronted with high-performance stress (). Coaches who act fairly, honestly, caringly, responsibly, and in an ethical manner can build a more trustworthy and supportive environment in sport, while coaches who do not can erode athletes’ trust, satisfaction, and commitment to a team or sport organization (; ). This study is primarily concerned with coach ethical leadership as a value-based leadership behavior that could potentially foster athletes’ commitment to their organization. Ethical Leadership involves modeling and communicating normatively appropriate behavior, both between people and within one’s own decision-making processes (). In a sports setting, ethical leadership is exhibited in the way coaches treat athletes fairly, communicate clear expectations, do not show favoritism, safeguard the health and wellbeing of athletes, and demonstrate ethical behavior (). These behaviors are especially significant because athletes often seek feedback from coaches about their performance, look to coaches to assign them to the right roles, seek opportunities to compete, and look to coaches for development assistance (; ). Thus, athletes’ perceptions of coach ethical leadership could influence their attitudes toward the sport organization, as well as the amount of psychological attachment they form to the organization. Based on the literature reviewed, organizational commitment in this study is defined as the affective attachment, identification, and desire to remain with the team, club, academy, university team, and/or sport organization. Although organizational commitment has been studied in employee samples, it is also relevant to competitive athletes because they belong to structured sport organizations with characteristics similar to those where employees work, including hierarchy, role expectations, training requirements, performance evaluation, and continuity of membership (; ). Athletes are not employees, but they can form a mental attachment and loyalty to the organization or team they train and compete for. In addition, this construct of organizational commitment has been found to be applicable to the Chinese context in previous studies, further supporting its relevance to the current study (). Thus, understanding how ethical coaching relates to athlete commitment is crucial for their retention, team stability, and sustainable sport development.