Dynamic interactions among anxiety, emotional stability, and mindfulness: a cross-lagged panel network analysis.

Linguistic landscape research has become an important perspective to understand the presentation of language in urban space and its social and cultural significance. Recent studies suggest that linguistic identification extends beyond mere language use to index underlying social structures, power relations, and forms of cultural consciousness embedded in urban space (; ). As a form of linguistic landscape, residential place names not only assume the basic naming function, but also classify and distinguish space through its stable and recurring naming mode, and construct a symbolic social space (; ). In the context of Chinese cities, the rapid urbanization process, the reform of the housing system and the reorganization of the socio-spatial structure have made significant changes in the practice of residential naming in the past few decades. These changes provide a crucial research opportunity to examine how spatial meaning is conventionalized in relatively stable naming constructions and continuously expanded in the time dimension. In contemporary Chinese residential names, [X + Li] is a particularly prominent naming structure. “Li” has a long history of use in Chinese language. Its early meaning is not a place name in the general sense, but a grass-roots residential unit with clear boundaries and internal organization. In pre-Qin and Han literature, “Li” often appears as a settlement and management unit, referring to the neighborhood space formed by a certain number of households, and is closely related to household registration management, social organization and spatial division (; ; ). This usage makes “li” associated with “internal members,” “spatial boundaries” and “wholeness” from the beginning, rather than just representing abstract direction or position.