Disclosing the costs of co-holding liquid assets and high-interest debt has limited impact on behavior.

Scientific conferences and professional meetings are widely recognised as critical platforms for the advancement of healthcare practice, research dissemination, and professional socialisation [-]. They facilitate the exchange of emerging evidence, foster interdisciplinary collaboration, and provide opportunities for mentorship and career development across health professions [-]. For students in the healthcare fields, early exposure to conferences plays a particularly formative role, supporting the development of research literacy, scientific communication skills, professional identity formation, and long-term academic engagement [,]. Despite these recognised benefits, healthcare students in low- and middle-income countries continue to face substantial barriers to conference participation [,]. In Nigeria, interest in research and professional development among healthcare students is well documented. National surveys have shown that medical and allied health students express strong motivation to engage in research and academic activities but encounter structural and financial obstacles that limit participation in conferences and scientific meetings [,]. Conference organisers and professional associations play a central role in shaping inclusivity and access. Evidence from international settings suggests that deliberate student-focused measures such as discounted registration fees, student bursaries, travel grants, dedicated student abstract categories, mentorship sessions, and student representation on organising committees can substantially improve student participation and engagement [,]. When such measures are embedded into conference planning, they contribute to more equitable access, stronger professional pipelines, and sustained research capacity development.