Biomimetic ferroelectric-semiconductor transistor enables neuronal multisensory integration.
Authors: Liu S, Zhang L, Xie R, Wu Z, Chen A, Han L, Shan L, Dong Z, Liu J, Guo X, Zhu Y, Zhou Z, Liu F, Shen L, Huang P, Wang X, Wang Z, Cai Y, He M
Journal: Nature communications
mental health
psychology
open access
Abstract
In the human and nonhuman primate, the amygdala undergoes extensive structural and functional development from infancy through adolescence, supporting the emergence of affective and social behaviors (; ; ; ). The amygdala’s paralaminar nucleus (PL) stands out as a unique substrate for amygdala growth as it contains hundreds of thousands of immature glutamatergic neurons that shift gradually toward a higher proportion of mature neurons by adolescence (; ; ; ; ; ). One key process supporting the maturation of immature neurons is synaptic pruning by microglia: the selective elimination of excess or weak synapses, which refines neuronal connectivity and shapes functional circuits (; ; ). Microglia-mediated pruning and remodeling of synaptic elements refine dendritic architecture and strengthen functional connectivity across maturing neural networks. Thus, synapse formation and elimination are influenced not only by the timing of afferent neuronal activity but also by microglia-mediated mechanisms (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ). We previously found that PL microglia morphology in typically developing macaques undergoes marked changes between infancy and adolescence, shifting from a characteristically ameboid phenotype to ramified forms (). We hypothesized that this transformation likely reflects increasing engagement in synaptic refinement, coinciding with known windows of neuronal maturation in the PL (; ; ; ).