MAME: Multidimensional adaptive metamer exploration with human perceptual feedback.

Associations between personality and psychopathology are well-established in adulthood (), yet personality does not suddenly crystalize and impact mental well-being when an individual turns 18 years old. Relationships between personality and psychopathology emerge early in development, prompting calls to consider these relationships through a developmental lens (e.g., ; ). Personality has repeatedly been shown to be evident, and reliably measured, in childhood (). Its roots are apparent as early as preschool age, and continue to form over the course of childhood and adolescence (; ). Childhood involves rapid, dynamic development with significant changes in emotions, motor skills, cognition, and language (; ; ), making personality structures challenging to measure in this stage of life. However, there is growing evidence demonstrating similarities between adult and childhood personality structures (; ). For example, highlight that the well-established Five Factor Model (FFM; ) traits of personality are not only evident in early childhood, but also have predictive validity for later adulthood personality traits. Assessment of childhood personality traits have continued to be evaluated in research and clinical contexts, and several, well-established measures have been developed to attempt to capture the dynamic, complex presentations in children (). Although the literature supporting personality structure in childhood is established, previous research has only begun to consider how adult personality disorder structures and maladaptive personality traits emerge earlier in life to study developmental onset and progression (). This is imperative to better identify individuals who may be at-risk for current and future personality pathology. Research has started to consider the developmental presentations of obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD), a chronic mental health condition characterized by maladaptive perfectionism, a need for control over one’s environment, and preoccupation with order and details (). Its estimated global prevalence is 6.5% (), with elevated rates of OCPD found in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) samples (Pinto et al., 2011), anorexia nervosa (), and major depression (). Key cognitive and behavioral associations with OCPD include indecisiveness or procrastination, difficulty with change, challenges with emotional expressivity and relating to emotions in others, and anger outbursts related to perceived threat over one’s control (; ). Another key distinguishing feature of OCPD is an increased capacity to delay reward () which may be a marker of excessive self-control in this population. As with most personality disorders, OCPD is typically diagnosed in adulthood, however research has demonstrated related presentations or aspects of obsessive-compulsive personality (OCP) traits present in childhood (; ) that have been linked to future psychopathology ().