The Effectiveness Based on Optimal Dose and Administration Route, and Safety Profiles of Stem Cells and Derived Products in the Treatment of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic R

The smile is one of the primary determinants of facial attractiveness and plays a central role in nonverbal communication. It significantly influences self‐confidence and social perceptions []. Because the oral region is central to facial expression, the smile contributes substantially to perceived attractiveness [, ]. In recent years, particularly with the influence of social media, facial and smile esthetics have gained increasing importance across all age groups. Although perceptions of beauty may evolve over time, smile attractiveness remains closely linked to overall facial harmony. For example, while flatter profiles were considered attractive in the past, today profiles with fuller and more pronounced lips are seen as more attractive [, ]. Smile esthetics require a balance among dental and gingival components. Sabri [] identified eight key elements of a balanced smile: smile line, smile arc, upper lip curvature, buccal corridors, frontal occlusal plane, smile symmetry, and dental and gingival components. Among these, gingival display plays a crucial esthetic and functional role.