Digital soft power of cultural heritage: domestic netizens' subjective perception and characteristics of the global influence of traditional festivals.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a group of chronic disabling diseases caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system-, affecting approximately 6.9% – 10% of the global population, and severely impairing patients' quality of life. Among them, peripheral NP is the most common type-, usually caused by peripheral nerve injury (PNI), resulting from trauma or surgical procedures-. PNI induces spinal glial cell activation, triggering an inflammatory cascade characterized by excessive release of cytokines and chemokines. This neuroinflammatory response drives central sensitization, contributing to NP development and persistence. Currently, pharmacological therapy remains the mainstay of NP management, with commonly used drugs including antidepressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids. Although the above treatments can relieve symptoms to some extent, their efficacy is often limited and they are often accompanied by significant adverse reactions. Therefore, developing alternative treatment strategies has become an urgent problem to be solved. Electrical stimulation (ES) is increasingly recognized as an effective therapeutic approach for promoting repair and regeneration across various damaged tissues, including nerve,, muscle, skin,, and bone-. Specifically, low-frequency ES has been shown to accelerate axonal outgrowth and elongation, enhance the expression of neurotrophic factors, and activate key signaling pathways crucial for nerve regeneration,,. Furthermore, ES promotes neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation-, migration, and differentiation,,, thereby facilitating tissue repair at injury sites,,. ES may also relieve pain by reducing the hyperexcitability of peripheral sensory afferents, limiting the activation of primary nociceptive fibers, and attenuating inflammation-induced sensitization of dorsal horn neurons-. These beneficial effects have led to its widespread clinical adoption. Despite these advantages, conventional ES techniques are limited by their reliance on invasive implantation procedures, percutaneous wires,, and external power supplies,. These drawbacks elevate the risk of infection, tissue damage, and often necessitate secondary surgeries for electrode removal, thereby restricting the therapeutic potential and broader clinical translation of ES. Therefore, developing wireless ES systems that eliminate the need for bulky hardware is a critical objective in neural tissue engineering.