Strategies used by international sports federations in the field of technology.

As the academic , English is now ubiquitous in science. It helps build bridges between national fields and facilitates the diffusion of knowledge across non-overlapping linguistic areas. But as we know well, language is also intimately related to power dynamics within and across societies (; ; ; ). Science is no exception, and yet the repercussions of the domination of the English language on the repartition of resources within academia have yet to be fully explored. While the various material and emotional costs of working in English for non-native speakers have begun to be documented (; ), it is less clear how linguistic dynamics translate into scientific (de)valuation. To date, most studies on the matter have focused on publishing, highlighting the difficulties that non-English speakers often face in the process (; ; ). Access to funding, however, has seldom been considered in relation to linguistic inequalities. As government support for research is waning in many countries, with core funding being partially or entirely supplanted by competitive project-based systems, it becomes essential to examine the various factors shaping researchers’ ability to secure grants. Linguistic capital is one of them. Competence and ease in English – or any socially valued, widespread language – is a form of cultural capital (; ) upon which scientific success is, in many ways, dependent. Yet, the social value and stakes surrounding the use of a given language are not constant across research domains and areas (; : 289). Put otherwise, the worth of different languages will vary depending on the structure and culture of given disciplines. One important aspect of this value determination is, of course, that of the scientific publication system and, consequently, the level of unification (: 23) of a field’s journal market. In biology or physics, scientific visibility cannot be achieved outside of the English domination. This is, however, less clear in the social sciences and humanities, where distinct and partly autonomous publication markets coexist at the national, regional, and international levels (; ).