Neuropsychiatric Psychosis and Xanomeline in the treatment of an Adolescent with a MED13L mutation.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a major cause of disability. It is characterized by high morbidity, disability and mortality. According to the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study, the estimated mortality rate is 44. deaths per 100,000 people, and approximately 50% of survivors experience varying degrees of disability. This imposes substantial economic and social burdens on patients’ families and society. Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy have significantly improved the prognosis of acute stroke patients, long-term rehabilitation of neurological dysfunction caused by neurological deficits remains a clinical challenge. Therefore, new adjuvant treatment methods are urgently needed. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy (HBOT) is a medical treatment that involves the use of oxygen at an ambient pressure higher than 1 atmosphere absolute (ATA; 1 ATA = 101.325 kPa). Typically, the pressure is increased to 2.0–2.8 ATA for 90–120 minutes, with the number of treatments varying depending on the specific condition. As a non-pharmacological therapy, the mechanisms of HBOT primarily include improving cerebral hypoxia, reducing ischemia–reperfusion injury following stroke and promoting neural repair, thereby alleviating cognitive dysfunction and depression after stroke. Additionally, HBOT can reduce brain edema and intracranial pressure, improve cerebral circulation and create favorable conditions for the recovery of neurological function after stroke. Although HBOT has demonstrated potential in stroke treatment, its clinical efficacy remains controversial. Therefore, we employed literature visualization and bibliometric analysis methods to analyze and summarize research trends, hotspots and prospects of HBOT in stroke, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical application of HBOT in stroke treatment.