Association of Chemerin, follicle stimulating hormone, lipid profiles, and cardiometabolic indices with the premature ovarian insufficiency.

Wrongful convictions are a known and significant problem in the United States, with the number of exonerations increasing in recent years (Annual Report ). As of 2022, exonerees in the United States have collectively spent 2245 years incarcerated (Annual Report ). A wrongful conviction occurs when a person is convicted of a crime they did not commit, and an exoneration occurs “when a person who has been convicted of a crime is officially cleared based on new evidence of innocence” (Innocence Project ). As the rate of exonerations has grown over the last 4 decades, research has explored the unique challenges that people who are wrongfully convicted face while incarcerated and during the reentry period (Annual Report ; Thomas and Hoyt , ; Kukucka et al. ). Like other incarcerated people, exonerees report experiencing high levels of trauma exposure and related psychopathology while incarcerated (Baranyi et al. ; Kukucka et al. ; Thomas and Hoyt , ). One study found the majority of exonerees in their sample witnessed (74.6%) and/or experienced (79.7%) one or more traumatic events while in prison, with the most common event being physical assault (Kukucka et al. ). Further, ample literature has also examined how incarceration can, in itself, serve as a traumatic event for those who experience it (Schnittker ). While sparse and with small sample sizes, the existing literature suggests that exonerees endorse significant mental health concerns as a result of their wrongful conviction, including unique stressors beyond the stress of incarceration (A. T. Grounds ). People who are wrongfully convicted are often isolated in their claims of innocence, frequently experience multiple unsuccessful appeals, face longer sentences due to their refusal to admit culpability in the crime, and tend to have high profile or notorious cases (A. T. Grounds ). Further, many wrongfully convicted people become extremely focused on their legal appeals, resulting in detachment from their surroundings and social isolation within correctional institutions (Campbell and Denov ). It has also been suggested that people who are wrongfully convicted experience a unique trauma when trying to make meaning of their arrest and conviction when they know that they are innocent (A. T. Grounds ; Simon ; Thomas and Hoyt ). This increased psychological burden comes from the known moral wrongfulness of their ordeal and the fact that their convictions were often caused by deliberate misconduct of police and/or prosecutors (Westervelt and Cook ).