Trust and professional relationships drive participation in passive cattle health surveillance among Dutch farmers and veterinarians.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance. According to the World Health Organization, inadequate long-term blood glucose control can lead to severe complications, affecting the nervous system, kidneys, and cardiovascular system []. In South Korea, diabetes is considered a significant public health issue. While the incidence of diabetes among individuals aged 40 years and older has decreased, with a drop of approximately 0.1% annually from 2006 to 2015, national cohort studies show a concerning rise in diabetes prevalence among young adults aged 20–39 years. Specifically, the rate increased from 0.5 to 0.7 per 1,000 individuals in the 20–29 age group and from 2.0 to 2.6 per 1,000 in the 30–39 age group, highlighting the need for increased societal attention []. The prevalence of prediabetes, a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be classified as diabetes, has also been rapidly increasing among young adults in South Korea []. Individuals with prediabetes are at high risk of the condition progressing to diabetes. Early intervention, including lifestyle modifications, during this stage, can effectively prevent the onset of diabetes. Therefore, accurately predicting prediabetes in individuals is crucial for public health strategies aimed at diabetes prevention []. Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases caused by lifestyle factors, and the primary reason for the increased risk of diabetes in young adults can be attributed to lifestyle changes that lead to obesity []. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, social distancing and the increase in remote work resulted in decreased physical activity, accompanied by mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. These factors contributed to unhealthy eating habits and the proliferation of irregular diets, which in turn increased the rate of obesity [,]. Therefore, assessing nutritional status can provide valuable information for predicting diabetes or prediabetes.