Unusual foreign body in the digestive tract: Endoscopic removal of a toothbrush in a pediatric patient.

Resection of the maxilla or mandible is a radical treatment method used for selected pathological lesions, such as extensive cysts or odontogenic tumours. Benign lesions that most often require resection include ameloblastomas and recurrent odontogenic cysts (keratocystic odontogenic cysts), both of which are characterised by aggressive growth and a high recurrence rate []. Squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the oral cavity, accounting for approximately 90% of cases. The standard treatment involves surgical excision with a margin of healthy tissue. The resulting defect after resection of the jaw leads to pathological communication between the oral and nasal cavities, impairing basic functions such as speech and swallowing, as well as facial aesthetics [,]. There are two primary methods used to close such a communication: surgical reconstruction with autogenous tissues (flaps) or prosthetic treatment in the form of a custom–made obturator denture []. The obturator is currently one of the most commonly used methods of rehabilitation for patients after jaw resection [,]. Closing the defect with an obturator recreates the barrier between the nasal and oral cavities, allowing proper swallowing and articulation again, and also provides support for facial tissues (e.g. the floor of the nasal cavity and the infraorbital region), thereby preventing tissue collapse and cosmetic deformities []. It should be emphasised that extensive resections within the jaws cause significant aesthetic and functional problems and negatively affect the mental well-being and social integration of patients []. Postoperative defects in the jaw are often associated with speech impairment (hypernasality), difficulty in eating, and changes in facial features due to the collapse of the upper lip and cheek on the side of the resection. As a result, these patients may experience a reduced quality of life and require comprehensive prosthetic and speech therapy rehabilitation.