[Labor inclusion and medicalization: neuroleptics as actants in the experiences of workers diagnosed with schizophrenia in Chile].

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms, including sleep disorders, autonomic dysfunction, as well as cognitive impairment and behavioral disorders. Cognitive impairment is a non-motor disturbance common even at an early stage in PD. It ranges from mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) to dementia (PD-D), affecting approximately 40% of patients, particularly as the disease progresses. The most severely impaired cognitive functions include executive functions, attention, memory, visuo-spatial abilities and language, detrimentally affecting patients’ functional independence. To improve the diagnosis and management of cognitive impairment in PD, specific guidelines for PD-MCI and PD-D have been developed, aimed at standardizing diagnostic criteria, facilitating early identification, and optimizing patient care. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a rapid cognitive screening tool that evaluates multiple domains and contributes to early detection and monitoring of cognitive deficits. A study conducted in New Zealand demonstrated its ability to detect dementia and MCI in this population. Its brevity and ease of administration make it suitable for both clinical and research settings where time and resources may be limited. This screener, even if administered within a relatively short time interval, yields a score that is not biased by possible learning effects. Although an early and accurate diagnosis of cognitive impairment in PD is crucial, several factors - including limited specialist availability, financial costs, geographic constraints, and difficulties in patient mobility - can restrict patients’ access to a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment.