Temporal Trends and Clinical Characteristics of Incretin-Based Therapy Use in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Real-World Cohort Study From a Polish Private Healthcare Network.

The term “crop health” (CH) refers to overall physiologic attributes related to favorable rigor and growth of cultivated crops for producing a range of ecosystem services (ESs) for human wellbeing and nature conservancy. It focuses on economic and productivity outputs. In comparison, plant health refers to the overall physiologic wellbeing and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses of any plants. Both crop and plant health are affected by soil health, which is the soil’s capacity to provide a range of ESs. There are specific indicators of CH that include, but are not limited to, resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses, vigor and genetic attributes, quality and quantity of agronomic productivity, and having a positive impact on the soil and environment. CH also indicates if a crop is free from infestation of pests and pathogens, has sufficient macronutrients and micronutrients, and is not susceptible to other growth-inhibiting factors, such as drought/flood syndrome and unfavorable (sub- or supra-optimal) soil temperature regimen. Thus, a healthy crop is expected to produce a crop yield of high nutritional quality and good safety standards for the ecoregion. A healthy crop must also support sustainable farming while protecting soil and environmental health by restoring the soil and the terrestrial carbon stock. Simply put, CH refers to the overall health of cultivated crops in relation to the production of adequate amounts of safe, nutritious food plus forages while restoring soil health and promoting adaptation to and mitigation of anthropogenic climate change (ACC). CH is in accordance with the “One Health” approach, which states that “health of soil, plants, animals, people, ecosystems, and the planetary processes is one and indivisible” (Fig. ). There are several determinants of CH, including use of regenerative agriculture and agro-ecologic principles, which focus on interconnectivity among all factors involved, and thus it reinforces the idea of a holistic approach to managing CH. Soil organic matter (SOM) content, a strong determinant of soil biodiversity and the overall soil health, is a key factor affecting soil functions and CH. Vega et al. [] stated that CH, a multidisciplinary scientific concept, is based on the assumption that it relates to specific management and farmers’ objectives and values, focuses on human health and wellbeing, and enhances soil health and environmental attributes. Vega and colleagues proposed four components that affect CH: usefulness, adversities, safety, and autonomy. These components are pertinent to the salutogenic model for human health: meaningfulness, comprehensiveness, and manageability []. The “One Health” concept. Everything is connected to everything else. Anthropogenic activities, land use, and soil management affect plant and environmental health and the quality of food and forages produced. Soil health is also impacted by political and policy factors, which need to be pro-nature, pro-agriculture, and pro-farmer. All these factors interacting with each other moderate and strengthen the nexus of environment, soil, crop, and human health