Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Barriers to Physical Activity during Pregnancy Scale (BPAPS) in pregnant women.

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder (prevalence 1:50,000–1:100,000) that manifests as recurrent, unpredictable cutaneous and/or subcutaneous swelling attacks. These can occur anywhere in the body, including the skin, abdomen, and upper respiratory tract []. Laryngeal attacks can be fatal due to the risk of asphyxiation []. The frequency, severity, and anatomical location of HAE attacks varies significantly between patients []; this unpredictability often heightens anxiety and adds to impaired health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) [, ]. Most HAE cases are caused by C1 inhibitor (C1INH) deficiency, either due to diminished levels of circulating C1INH (HAE‐C1INH‐Type1) or dysfunctional C1INH (HAE‐C1INH‐Type2) []. Significant diagnostic delays are prevalent due to the rarity of HAE and inadequate awareness in the broader medical community []. In a recent systematic review that evaluated data from > 10,000 patients with HAE, mean and median diagnostic delay ranged between 3.9 and 26 years []. On‐demand therapies are recommended for treating HAE attacks [, ]. Current international guidelines recommend evaluating patients regularly for long‐term prophylaxis (LTP), with the goal to achieve complete disease control and normalization of their lives [, ]. During evaluations for LTP treatment, patients' preferences should be considered alongside disease activity and burden [].