A randomized phase 1b/2 trial of ABBV-916 in adults with early Alzheimer's disease.

Effective collaboration between individuals is a crucial aspect of pushing forward societal goals, such as the energy transition. Indeed, community energy initiatives are increasingly recognised as vital contributors to the energy transition (Schwanitz et al., ) and strongly rely on collaborations among members. Energy community initiatives broadly involve communities collectively promoting sustainable energy sources within a defined area. However, because their purposes, structures and processes vary widely, they lack a single, universally accepted definition (Bauwens et al., ). Crucially, however, these initiatives rely on the active participation and effective collaboration of individuals, who contribute time and resources through membership fees, meeting attendance and financial investments in managing and governing renewable electricity production, trade and storage within their communities (De Simone et al., ). One central factor in sustaining collaboration is in‐group identification (Bauwens, ), which reflects the extent to which individuals align themselves with their group or community. Social psychological research shows that stronger in‐group identification facilitates collaborative behaviours, including collaboration and participation within the context of community energy initiatives (Goedkoop, Sloot, et al., ; Heath et al., ; Obst & White, ; Rees & Bamberg, ; Sloot et al., ). On top of this, interpersonal contact among group members is crucial for fostering a sense of belonging and strengthening identification with the group (Blanchard et al., ; Campbell, ; Jans et al., , ; Postmes et al., ), while also directly predicting collaboration (Goedkoop, Sloot, et al., ; Thomas et al., ). This paper adopts a novel perspective by exploring how (perceived) spatial distance from group members shapes these social‐psychological processes. This is particularly relevant in the context of energy communities as these initiatives substantially vary in spatial composition and increasingly move away from the traditional neighbourhood‐level initiative. Specifically, we test the concept that less (perceived) distance to other group members strengthens social ties and, thereby, facilitates collaboration intentions among members. In doing so, we offer new insight into the conditions that encourage interpersonal contact, strengthen identification and may ultimately deepen collaboration intentions in community‐led energy initiatives. This research investigates how both actual and perceived spatial distance from other in‐group members influence interpersonal contact, in‐group identification and collaborative intentions. Specifically, it examines whether greater (perceived) spatial distance between in‐group members acts as a limiting factor (Nientimp et al., ) that reduces interpersonal contact, in‐group identification and thus individuals' intentions to collaborate. In this research, we examine two core spatial characteristics. Study 1 investigates whether members of in‐groups at more local spatial scales (neighbourhood vs. city vs. national level) are perceived as more proximate, and whether this is associated with stronger interpersonal contact and in‐group identification. Study 2 focuses on different groups of comparable scale (i.e. neighbourhood, colleagues, extended family), examining instead how one's perceived spatial distance from other group members (i.e. centrality and density) may affect interpersonal contact, in‐group identification and collaboration intentions. Through this, we try to develop a deeper understanding of the interplay between spatial and social factors that shape people's intentions to collaborate in community‐based energy initiatives.