Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions to Reduce Sedentary Behavior and Promote Physical Activity in Patients With Chronic Disease: Scoping Review.

Digital media offer adolescents numerous opportunities for communication, information exchange, entertainment, and learning. While adults often distinguish between online and offline worlds, youth perceive digital spaces as seamlessly integrated into their daily lives (eg, studies by Ito et al [] and Nesi et al [,]). German surveys underline high levels of digital media access among adolescents, and exposure begins even earlier: 1 in 10 children in Germany aged 2-5 years already own a smartphone [,]. Alongside these opportunities and high levels of access, digital media also pose risks such as digital violence, cyberbullying, cybergrooming, cybercrime, misinformation, and privacy violations [,]. At the same time, adolescents’ understanding of data flows, privacy risks, and platform mechanisms remains limited [,]. The European Commission [] defines media literacy as the confident, critical, and responsible use of digital technologies for work, learning, and participation in society. Within this framework, analytical and reflective abilities are crucial: evaluating online information, detecting manipulation, and reflecting on one’s own usage patterns []. In this paper, we use the term (DML) to refer specifically to adolescents’ critical and responsible engagement with social media, apps, and other online media platforms, including the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and reflect on media content and platform mechanisms [,-].