Correction: Chronic osteomyelitis diagnosis using MRI: optimising radiomics models through multi-level region of interest extensions.

Childhood overweight and obesity represent a significant health concern in the United States. Currently, almost 20% of children aged 2 through 19 years old have obesity []. Pediatric obesity is associated with increasing risks for various adverse physiological and psychological health consequences that persist into adulthood []. Childhood and adolescent obesity are associated with increased risk of premature death [] (three times higher before age 30 compared to the general population), and nearly all organ systems are affected [], and children with obesity have a higher likelihood of becoming adults with obesity. Obesity and the co-occurring chronic diseases also have a significant economic impact on the population: the global economic impact of overweight and obesity is expected to surpass $4 trillion by 2035, according to the 2023 World Obesity Atlas []. The health risks associated with childhood and adolescent obesity are modifiable with weight loss [], suggesting that efforts to address obesity in childhood and adolescence have important and lifelong benefits. Influences on the development of childhood obesity are complex, multifactorial, and include genetic, epigenetic, environmental [], systemic [], psychological [], and behavioral [] components. Efforts to address childhood and adolescent obesity frequently focus on the development and maintenance of beneficial health behaviors []. Families typically adopt lifestyle behaviors through modeling and through home environmental influences. “Parents are often considered a critical agent of change in behavioral lifestyle interventions, as they exercise significant control over children's eating and physical environment and, ultimately, behaviors.” [] Children have a higher likelihood of adopting similar lifestyle behaviors to those of their parents for both movement and nutrition []. This positive effect of families as agents of change has been found to be true in health behavior change in relation to obesity treatment. Family-based interventions for childhood obesity are numerous and have been found to be effective []. Randomized controlled trials in primary care settings have demonstrated the significant benefit of family-based behavioral treatment on weight outcomes, both for the pediatric patient and siblings who did not receive direct treatment []. Family influences on child behavior are powerful; previous evidence suggests that parent-only interventions for childhood obesity treatment are comparable in effectiveness to parent-child interventions. Benefits to this approach could be increased scalability and program affordability.