Atypical low-frequency and high-frequency neural entrainment to rhythmic audiovisual speech in adults with dyslexia.

The postdiagnosis decision-making of cancer treatment is intricate, often influenced by multiple factors like disease information, family economic status, own preferences, and others’ opinions. In the Chinese sociocultural context, cancer treatment decisions are often made jointly with family members, and patients may face unique challenges in information access and shared decision-making. Moreover, the ever-evolving assorted treatment programs available for cancer patients are further complicating treatment decision-making., The selection of a suitable cancer treatment scheme is vital for patients’ survival, quality of life, and satisfaction with medical care. Bespoke treatment decisions can decrease patients’ decision-making burden, minimize doctor–patient conflicts, and even enhance patients’ treatment compliance. Thus, correctly comprehending patients’ needs during treatment decision-making enables the supporting medical staff to provide better treatment decision-making assistance, also serving as a tool to augment the quality of treatment decision-making for cancer patients. The Ottawa Decision Support Framework (ODSF) defines treatment decision needs as decision-makers’ needs in the process of making treatment-related decisions. The demand for treatment decision-making encompasses the decision-makers’ expectations, precise understanding of the treatment plan, and support from others. Arguably, identifying and assessing the treatment decision-making needs of cancer patients marks the first step to constructing decision-making support tools and is imperative in alleviating patients’ decision-making regret. Nevertheless, owing to several reasons, the existing research on treatment decision-making needs of cancer patients largely depends on qualitative research, such as interviews, and some even used two or more statements to ascertain patients’ needs, with the focus mostly on information needs. Thus, few studies are available on cancer patients’ treatment decision-making, understanding of treatment plans, and others’ support., The existing scales on the treatment decision-making needs of cancer patients are fairly simple. For instance, the Ottawa Decision-making Self-efficacy Scale measures patients’ ability or belief in treatment decision-making, while Cassileth’s Information Style Questionnaire analyzes cancer patients’ information needs, including the dimensions of “Disease and treatment” and “Psychological”. Most existing instruments focus on either information needs or decision self-efficacy, and none provide a comprehensive, integrated assessment of overall decision-making needs. Therefore, a valid and comprehensive scale specifically for Chinese cancer patients remains lacking.