Ensuring Knowledge Transfer: The Critical Role of "What-If" Discussions in Virtual Patient Simulation.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare genetic condition inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, characterised by tumours most commonly affecting the pituitary gland, parathyroid glands and pancreas. Whilst deemed an infrequent disease, only affecting around 3-20 in 100,000, it is a condition not only recognised for having diagnostic complexities but also a considerable impact on life expectancy and quality of life [,]. The predicted life span of an individual with MEN1 is at least 10 years less than that of the general population, although data have suggested it has increased from the average of 55 years old to around 70 years old due to medical advancements []. Quality of life is significantly negatively impacted with MEN1. High disease penetrance (95% by the age of 40) [] with the psychological impact of the certainty of developing particular tumours, young ages of presentation causing a significant burden of disease impact during an individual’s lifespan, and repeated hospital admissions (often with multiple surgeries) all play a part in the challenges of living with MEN1 []. With its various manifestations over a prolonged period of time, this case demonstrates how MEN1 can significantly impact an affected individual during their lifespan. This case report importantly highlights how vital the role of regular multidisciplinary input and follow-up is in MEN1 management to improve outcomes.