Fine-scale individualized gyral folding-based cortical similarity networks reveal distinct organizational patterns in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder globally, with a rapidly increasing burden, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), which account for approximately 75% of total cases [, ]. Global projections estimate that PD prevalence will reach 267 cases per 100,000 population by 2050, representing a 76% increase from 2021, whereas age‐standardized prevalence is expected to rise by 55% to 216 per 100,000 []. Although high‐income countries have made substantial progress in diagnosis and management, LMICs continue to face persistent challenges in responding to the growing burden of PD [, ]. Cambodia, an LMIC geographically located in mainland Southeast Asia (Figure ), is characterized by a predominantly Khmer‐speaking population, cultural diversity, and a mixed healthcare system comprising public, private, and nongovernmental sectors. As the country undergoes rapid demographic and epidemiological transitions, the burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including neurological disorders, continues to increase []. Despite this growing burden, neurological conditions, such as PD, remain largely overlooked within the national health agenda. Cambodia lacks population‐based epidemiological data and a national PD registry, resulting in substantial underdiagnosis and underreporting of the disease. Consequently, many patients present at advanced stages of illness, whereas access to timely diagnosis and comprehensive care remains fragmented, particularly in rural and underserved areas where healthcare resources and specialist services are limited [, , ]. These challenges are compounded by resource constraints, workforce shortages, and inequities in service delivery, contributing to a substantial “hidden burden” of disease. Therefore, this article examines key gaps in PD care in Cambodia and proposes strategic actions to strengthen the national health system response. Cambodia's geography and a summary of the healthcare system characteristics.