Foxg1 and companions: Not only transcription factors.

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are a class of macromolecular transmembrane proteins that are widely distributed on the surface of cell membranes (Catterall, 2017; Wood and Iseppon, 2018; Eshed-Eisenbach and Peles, 2021; Huang et al., 2024). Nine subtypes of VGSCs are known, including Nav1.1–Nav1.9, which are critical drivers of excitability in excitable cells (Catterall, 2017, 2023; Wang et al., 2017; Wood and Iseppon, 2018; Catterall et al., 2020; Eshed-Eisenbach and Peles, 2021). Among them, Nav1.6 is a subtype of VGSC that is widely distributed in the nervous system. Since it plays an important role in the generation and conduction of action potentials (APs) in neurons, it is considered a key ion channel or initiator ion channel for neuronal excitability (Hu et al., 2009; Ye et al., 2018; Sole and Tamkun, 2020; Zybura et al., 2021; Li et al., 2023; ). More than 30 years have passed since the first discovery of SCN8A. Research on Nav1.6 has focused on its structure, expression, function, and electrophysiology. With increasing in-depth research, the application of Nav1.6 will be more extensive in the future. AIS: Axon initial segment; APP: amyloid precursor protein; cryo-EM: cryo-electron microscopy; SCN8A: sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 8; shRNA: short hairpin RNA.