Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U drives a pro-regenerative astrocyte response.

Palliative care for patients with a migration background (PwM) involves multiple challenges that impact the quality and accessibility of end-of-life services [, ]. Language barriers, cultural misunderstandings, and a lack of culturally sensitive care often prevent effective hospice and palliative care (HPC) for this population group [, –]. These challenges are further complicated by limited knowledge of HPC services, fear or distrust of healthcare systems, poor provider-beneficiary communication, and socioeconomic factors [, , –]. Furthermore, particularly in the context of immigration, individuals with traumatic experiences may show complex health problems that healthcare providers are currently unprepared to address [, ]. These barriers cause PwM to be unable to access care services that meet their cultural, spiritual, and emotional needs at the end-of-life []. Family members of PwM play a central role in informal care, but face significant difficulties. While culturally important, reliance on family care can lead to emotional and practical strain, particularly when family members lack the resources or knowledge to handle complex healthcare systems [, ]. PwM experience unmet needs, poor communication, and insufficient culturally appropriate support in HPC [, ]. A US-based study indicates that they are nearly twice as likely as the local population to receive burdensome, potentially unnecessary aggressive care in their final weeks []. Factors such as lower health literacy and lack of advance care planning documentation increase these disparities []. Addressing these issues requires culturally tailored training programs and community outreach strategies [, ] to ensure that PwM and their families receive the compassionate and high-quality HPC they deserve [, ]. Shabnam et al. [] suggest developing complex interventions to support this population group and emphasise the importance of tailored approaches. To meet the specific needs of PwM in HPC, healthcare providers should consider sociocultural and emotional factors as well as physical symptoms. This includes understanding how cultural norms affect views on illness, death, dying, and caregiving roles within these communities [, , , ]. By considering their perspectives, healthcare providers can foster empathy and understand the emotional, cultural, and spiritual aspects of care that PwM need.