Prenatal alcohol exposure affects placental degradation-a retrospective fetal MRI study.

With the greenhouse effect and environmental problems becoming increasingly prominent, the issue of carbon emission reduction has captured wide concern. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), carbon dioxide emissions from agriculture and food production already account for 31% of total carbon emissions, indicating that agriculture is an important carbon emitting sector. Agricultural carbon emission reduction is directly related to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 13, which addresses the policy aiming at lessening the risk of climate change. At the same time, agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, whose sustainable development is of great significance for achieving food security. This aligns with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 2.1. Accordingly, reducing agricultural carbon emissions is highly necessary not only for actively responding to climate change, but also for promoting agricultural sustainable development and ensuring food security. In 2020, China made its first commitment to achieving the “Dual Carbon Goals” of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. As the world’s largest agricultural country, China is currently facing the urgent challenge of reducing agricultural carbon emissions while maintaining the sustainable development of its agricultural economy. In 2021, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China formulated , proposing to promote green and low-carbon development in agriculture and to foster a production and lifestyle that is thrifty, moderate, green and low-carbon. In 2022, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, together with the National Development and Reform Commission, issued the s, which systematically advanced the work of carbon emission reduction and sequestration in agriculture and rural areas. In 2024, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China issued the , further promoting energy conservation and carbon reduction in agriculture. To realize the “Dual Carbon Goals”, how to effectively reduce agricultural carbon emission and promote low-carbon green development of agriculture is an important task. In a broad sense, agriculture generally covers planting industry, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery; whereas in the narrow sense, it solely refers to planting industry. In this study, China’s carbon emission of agriculture was mainly analyzed in a narrow sense. Green finance plays an important role in promoting agricultural carbon reduction by providing environmentally friendly financial services. Many scholars define green finance from the perspective of environmental protection. For instance, green finance is a financial innovation that balances environmental protection and economic development; green finance is the integration of financial innovation and environmental protection; any environmentally friendly financial services provided by financial institutions can be regarded as green finance; a strategic approach integrates the financial system to achieve the goals of a low-carbon and resource-conserving economy. Ma Jun et al. maintained that agriculture, deeply affected by environment and climate, should be greatly supported by agricultural green finance. Agricultural green finance is the concrete implementation of green finance in the agricultural field, mainly including agricultural green credit, agricultural insurance, green investment and other green financial products. Cheng Baichuan proposed that agricultural green finance refers to directing social funds towards green and low-carbon development in agriculture. The specific impact of agricultural green finance on agricultural carbon emissions is a research issue highly worthy of attention. How can the development level of agricultural green finance be measured by constructing an appropriate indicator system? What impact does agricultural green finance have on green and low-carbon agricultural production? Does agricultural green finance help to reduce agricultural carbon emissions and reduce agricultural carbon emission intensity? What are the mechanisms by which agricultural green finance affects agricultural carbon emission intensity? In-depth analysis of the above problems carries great practical significance and theoretical value for reducing agricultural carbon emissions and fostering agricultural green low-carbon sustainable development.