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Clinical outcomes of the new generation VISUMAX 800 platform in small incision lenticule extraction for Myopia in Chinese patients.

Authors: Zhang H, Mei Y, Liu Q, Hao Y, Yang X, Guan N, Li X, Zhou W
Journal: Scientific reports
mental health psychology open access

Abstract

Despite growing awareness of the complex symptomatology of Parkinson's Disease (PD), clinical management continues to prioritize motor symptoms, often at the expense of non-motor aspects such as anxiety and depression. This is particularly concerning given PD's rising global burden: in 2020, 9.4 million people were affected worldwide (up from 6 million in 2016), accounting for 7.47 million disability adjusted life years in 2021, with increasing age-standardized prevalence, mortality, and disability since 1990.The non-motor symptoms are now recognized as part of the disease pathology rather than merely psychological reactions to diagnosis. In fact, about one third of diagnosed PD patients present with two or more anxiety disorders. Large-scale longitudinal studies, including findings from the , have identified anxiety and depression as among the strongest predictors of diminished quality of life and well-being in people with PD - yet they remain under-treated in routine care. Part of this persistent under-treatment stems from the constraints of existing therapies. There are no pharmacologic agents that are specifically indicated for anxiety in PD and guideline recommendations are limited. Moreover, commonly used antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), have shown mixed results in this population, with some randomized trials reporting limited efficacy and poor tolerability — including agents such as buspirone. While existing non-pharmacological treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy, acupuncture, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and structured exercise have demonstrated promise for anxiety management in PD, their accessibility is often limited by logistical and financial barriers. For example, transportation difficulties such as limited access to transportation services or the ability to drive can be a major reason for not accessing mental health and other health care services among people with PD. This highlights the need for scalable, low-cost, and self-administered interventions that are feasible for this population. Even when psychological support is available, many individuals with PD find it misaligned with their needs — particularly in addressing anxiety. Interventions are often experienced as too generic, overlooking the persistent and identity-shaping nature of non-motor symptoms. Traditional cognitive behavioral therapy's emphasis on correcting thought patterns can feel incompatible with patients’ lived reality, where the goal is not always symptom elimination but learning to coexist with them. This has fueled growing interest in mindfulness-based and acceptance-focused approaches, which may better reflect patients’ values and priorities. Meditative techniques such as guided meditation and breathwork have emerged as potentially effective strategies to reduce stress and improve mood. Recent studies in both healthy individuals and those with chronic conditions suggest these techniques are feasible and beneficial. Yet their utility among people with PD remains underexplored — particularly in self-administered and fully remote formats.