Pregnant women's experiences during a public health emergency: A cross-sectional analysis of the COVID-19 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System COVID-19 supplement.

Dementia most often develops over decades, arising from neurodegenerative proteinopathies—including amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD) or alpha synuclein in Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia (LBD)— frequently compounded by co‐occurring pathophysiological processes such as cerebrovascular disease and neuroinflammation. Biomarkers such as amyloid and phosphorylated tau measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), positron emission tomography, or more recently in plasma, have improved diagnosis and biological detection of AD. However, AD‐specific biomarkers do not fully capture non‐AD neuropathologies (e.g., cerebrovascular injury) or the cumulative impact of systemic processes contributing to all‐cause dementia risk, particularly in late life and in populations with high cardiometabolic comorbidity., The 2024 Lancet Commission found that ≈ 45% of dementia risk can be attributed to modifiable risk factors. Hence, it remains essential to identify biomarkers that are orthogonal to core AD neuropathology and reflect pathways that can be modified before symptom onset. Recent proteomic studies have revealed robust molecular signatures across asymptomatic and symptomatic AD and have identified biologically distinct AD subtypes in CSF proteomics, highlighting heterogeneity that is likely to influence treatment response., , In parallel, plasma proteomics has advanced toward clinically scalable prediction of incident dementia using multi‐protein panels and machine learning. The Dementia SomaSignal Test (dSST) is a 25‐protein, machine learning–derived score developed using SomaScan proteomics that predicts individualized 5‐year and 20‐year risk of all‐cause dementia diagnosis. The dSST was developed using the SomaScan Assay (SomaLogic), which uses DNA‐based binding reagents (modified aptamers) to assess plasma levels of ≈ 5000 proteins with high specificity and limits of detection largely comparable to antibody‐based assays.,