Structured multi-domain EEG descriptors with phase-based connectivity for lie and truth detection.

Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole derivative, initially used for the treatment of trichomoniasis, an infection caused by the protozoan . This drug is effective against other intestinal parasites and was later utilized as an antibiotic. As an antibacterial agent, it acts on anaerobic bacteria such as Peptostreptococci, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium spp., and Clostridia spp. Metronidazole is available in different dosage forms for oral, intravenous, rectal and vaginal administration., It is metabolized by the liver through oxidation and glucuronide conjugation and is the major circulating molecule in the plasma, compared to its metabolites. Metronidazole is distributed to the cerebrospinal fluid, saliva and breast milk with similar concentrations to those found in plasma. Although metronidazole is generally well-tolerated, it can cause neurological adverse effects including paresthesia, cerebellar symptoms, syncope, confusion, psychosis, and encephalopathy., While manic episodes have been reported with antibiotics such as ofloxacin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and cotrimoxazole, less than ten manic episodes have been reported with metronidazole., , Despite rare reports, psychosis has also been associated with metronidazole use. This case report describes metronidazole-associated mood changes in a 55-year-old woman. A 55-year-old woman presented to the outpatient gastroenterology specialty clinic with a two-day history of left lower quadrant abdominal pain. Upon review of systems and medical history taking, she denied any medical or pre-existing psychiatric problems. The patient did not report any pain, psychological stress or sleep disturbance. She was previously healthy, had three pregnancies resulting in three children. Her past surgical history was significant for a tonsillectomy and two cesarean sections. At the time of presentation (day 1), no associated fever, diarrhea, vomiting, or hematochezia were noted. On physical exam, the patient had a soft abdomen with a focal tenderness over the left lower quadrant. She is a housewife, a nonsmoker and reported no alcohol consumption or use of chronic medications.