Life cycle and larval feeding strategies of the mangrove firefly Pteroptyx tener (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae): implications for conservation of a vulnerable species.

Up to 10% of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) suffer from acetabular dysplasia (AD), a bony abnormality of the acetabulum resulting in insufficient coverage of the femoral head [, , ]. People with symptomatic AD generally report concerns beginning in the teen years, with females having a 2-4-fold increased risk of AD compared to males [, , ]. AD carries with it both acute concerns such as pain and subsequent physical inactivity and chronic concerns including joint degeneration and osteoarthritis []. Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is the preferred surgical intervention for symptomatic AD, offering the potential to preserve the native hip joint and improve pain and function [, , ]. Despite the prevalence of AD, prior research has shown that many people with AD report frustrating delays in diagnosis and care []. In addition, Muir et al. [] recently identified substantial unmet information needs among adults with AD considering PAO, including gaps in understanding diagnosis, treatment options, surgical logistics, and recovery expectations. Addressing the decision support needs of people with AD is critical as the psychosocial and functional impacts of both AD and PAO extend beyond physical symptoms, affecting emotional well-being, family dynamics, and daily activities—domains that are often insufficiently addressed in routine care [,]. There is a critical need to define the specific decision support needs and preferences of AYAs with AD contemplating PAO, as well as to elucidate the multidimensional impacts of both the disease and its surgical management. This study seeks to explore the lived experiences and decision-making of AYAs with AD who have undergone PAO.