Functional characterization of human iPSC-derived sensory neuron processes in microfluidic cultures.

Temporal small-incision cataract surgery (SICS) is advantageous for enhanced surgical field exposure and for inducing minimal postoperative astigmatism. An increased incidence of surgically induced astigmatism was reported in 48.28% with the superior incision approach compared with the temporal approach []. A higher rate of with-the-rule astigmatism (WTR) was found following temporal SICS []. A precisely preset scleral incision depth to a specific measurement may influence postoperative refractive outcomes. Incision depth of less than 399 microns, measured by AS-OCT, showed fewer astigmatic changes than a depth of more than 400 microns []. This study calculated the SIA vector using Pythagoras’ theorem in the Cartesian coordinate system of analysis, rather than the subtraction method for pre- and postoperative keratometry values described by previous authors []. Pawar et al. studied surgically induced astigmatism using a readily accessible MS Excel-based SIA calculator (version 2.0), which is freely available [].