Evaluating the cognitive efficacy of marine-derived drugs in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Stellate Multiform Amelanotic Choroidopathy (SMACH) is an emerging and poorly understood retinal condition, with only a limited number of cases reported to date. First described by Van Dijk et al. in 2021, SMACH is recognized as a benign, non-progressive disorder primarily affecting the choroidal-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) complex. It presents with focal choroidal thickening and hyperreflective changes in the inner choroid, without associated macular neovascularization []. Although subretinal fluid (SRF) was initially considered a key marker of SMACH, some reports suggest that up to 40% of cases lack SRF, underscoring the need to identify additional structural features to aid diagnosis. The role of multimodal imaging in better characterizing this condition has been crucial; however, despite advances in imaging techniques, the number of documented cases remains insufficient to understand its pathophysiology and clinical course fully. This report presents a clinical case of SMACH, detailing the patient’s clinical features and imaging findings that contribute to the growing body of knowledge on this rare pathology. By sharing this case, we aim to provide further evidence of SMACH’s characteristic imaging patterns and underscore the importance of an integrated diagnostic approach for this uncommon retinal disorder. A 67-year-old asymptomatic woman with no significant medical history was referred to the retina service due to suspected choroidal osteoma. The patient exhibited an unremarkable anterior segment examination, and her intraocular pressure was within normal limits. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/25 in both eyes, and the patient reported no visual disturbances or ocular discomfort. Fundus examination revealed a subtle hypopigmented lesion in the nasal parafoveal region of the left eye (OS), extending towards the superior area and the papillomacular bundle (). The right eye (OD) appeared unremarkable, with no visible alterations. Given the unusual presentation, the patient was referred for multimodal imaging to characterize the lesion better and rule out other potential causes, including choroidal tumors, macular neovascularization, or pachychoroid spectrum diseases.