Motivation to Engage in Self-Care of Heart Failure: An Ecological Momentary Assessment.

The Arabic Control Attitudes Scale-Revised is not unidimensional. Negative items (5 and 8) comprised a minor weak factor of helplessness, which was not stable across groups. Eliminating negative items and item 6 resulted in a pure invariant unidimensional 5-item short form, which can be easily integrated into routine care for directing nursing interventions that target self-care behaviors and patient outcomes.