Factors Influencing Nursing Career Choice and Stress Among Generation Z Nursing Students in New Brunswick: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Large language models (LLMs) constitute an advanced form of artificial intelligence that simulates human linguistic processing and significantly transforms the way information is accessed in digital environments []. Unlike conventional search engines, chatbots obviate the necessity for users to manually search, assess, and navigate through multiple web sources. LLM-powered chatbots offer a conversational interface that interprets natural language queries and delivers synthesized, context-aware responses []. LLMs aggregate and synthesize available data into structured textual outputs, thereby enhancing accessibility, optimizing time efficiency, and presenting an ostensibly reliable source of information [, ]. Among these systems, ChatGPT, a transformer-based language model, has gained significant attention for its ability to produce human-like text []. Since its initial release in November 2022, subsequent versions have demonstrated notable improvements in performance and applicability, with GPT-5 representing one of the most recent iterations []. More recently, DeepSeek, introduced in January 2025, has emerged as a competitive alternative in the LLM landscape, offering open-access capabilities and rapidly evolving performance []. Despite limited resources, DeepSeek has demonstrated comparable performance to leading models in mathematical and scientific reasoning tasks, while its transparent and collaborative development framework allows for continuous refinement [, ].