Exploring Eating Patterns and Cooking Habits Among Emerging Adult College Students to Inform a Pilot Meal Kit Program.

Coffee appears to have the potential to act as a nutraceutical due to its anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic properties, in addition to its relevance as an important food component . Green coffee, unroasted, is rich in chlorogenic acid and has shown potentially beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and weight control, important aspects in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) . However, evidence indicates that clinical findings remain inconsistent regarding the effects of green coffee extract on fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and liver enzymes . Another gap identified in previous studies is that none evaluated the effect of this natural product in combination with other substances on glycemic and cardiovascular biomarkers. In this context, coffee derivatives have been explored as matrices for functional enrichment, including mineral fortification and the incorporation of coffee-derived chlorogenic acids into food systems . Green coffee is particularly relevant because it constitutes an important source of chlorogenic acids, which have been investigated as bioactive compounds with potential metabolic applications . In turn, magnesium is biologically relevant for glucose metabolism and insulin action in T2DM . The most recent evidence from a dose-response meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials also suggests that oral magnesium supplementation can influence glycemic control in patients with T2DM, although the findings remain heterogeneous and dependent on clinical and intervention-related factors . Therefore, although no previous clinical studies were identified that specifically evaluated the combination of green coffee extract and magnesium di-malate in women with T2DM, the present intervention was proposed based on the rational foundation of combining a coffee-derived source rich in chlorogenic acids with a mineral involved in glycemic and cardiometabolic regulation. Consequently, this combination should be understood as exploratory and requires a pilot feasibility evaluation before formulating definitive efficacy claims.