Predictive value of remnant cholesterol for in-stent restenosis after drug-eluting stent implantation.

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a common infectious disease caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Following primary infection, the virus remains latent in sensory ganglia and may reactivate later in life, subsequently replicating and spreading along nerve pathways to infect the corresponding dermatomes and associated skin regions. The characteristic clinical presentation includes unilateral, dermatomal distributed vesicular eruptions, most frequently affecting the thoracic, lumbar, and trigeminal regions. The lesions typically do not cross the midline. Patients often experience severe neuropathic pain prior to or accompanying the rash, which may manifest as burning, stabbing, or electric shock-like sensations. Established risk factors for HZ development include advanced age, severe symptoms, ocular involvement, immunosuppression, and chronic conditions such as diabetes and lupus. In China, the annual incidence of HZ is approximately 6.64%, with a pronounced increase in incidence correlating with advancing age. The clinical course of HZ can be categorized into acute, subacute, and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) phases. Notably, approximately 20% of patients with acute HZ pain progress to PHN, a proportion that rises to over 80% in individuals aged over 50 years. The neuropathic pain associated with HZ can be severe, persistent, and recurrent, lasting for years in some cases, thereby imposing a substantial burden on both physical and mental health and significantly compromising quality of life. The clinical management of HZ follows a comprehensive and synergistic principle, with antiviral therapy serving as the cornerstone, complemented by nerve repair and pain management strategies. This approach is designed to effectively inhibit viral replication, control acute-phase clinical symptoms, and reduce the risk of complications. Particular emphasis is placed on early intervention. Through multi-target and multi-pathway integrated management, this strategy not only targets viral suppression but also concurrently promotes neural functional recovery and alleviates neuropathic pain, thereby enhancing overall treatment efficacy and minimizing the incidence of PHN.