Aerobic exercise and sleep-related outcomes in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

An aging population and changes in lifestyle have contributed to an increased exposure to risk factors such as hypertension leading to a rise in and cerebrovascular diseases. Stroke has become the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability globally. As the number of stroke survivors increases, the sequelae of stroke have emerged as a significant issue affecting patients’ physical and mental health of patients. These patients often require sufficient and long-term rehabilitation care, which imposes a substantial economic burden. Sleep disorders are a common in stroke cases and is often associated with poor recovery. Insomnia is one of the most common mental health problems, with an incidence of about 30% to 38% in the first year after stroke, which increases with age and follow-up time. Evidence indicates a bidirectional relationship between stroke and insomnia. Stroke may be a predispose individuals to insomnia, and insomnia can worsen stroke prognosis of and increase the recurrence risk. Benzodiazepines are commonly used for poststroke insomnia, but may cause breathing-related sleep disorders, movement disorder recurrence, addiction, and drug resistance, hindering recovery. Acupuncture (Acu) is a simple safe and effective therapy and a key component of traditional Chinese medicine. It has unique advantages in the treatment of poststroke insomnia, and its curative effects have been verified by relevant studies. However, optimal Acu and related therapies are complicated and inconsistent. Despite its effectiveness, on poststroke insomnia much is still unclear about the effect of Acu treatment on various sleep parameters such as subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration etc. Network meta-analysis can comprehensively evaluate different Acu interventions and rank their effectiveness. The objective of this study is to explore the effects of different Acu and related therapies on poststroke insomnia through network Meta-analysis and examine the degree of improvement on different sleep parameters, to provide reference for clinical practice.