Methodological trends in biological assessment of children's daily stress: A scoping review.
Authors: Kang S, Kim E
Journal: PloS one
mental health
psychology
open access
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide and
remains a major public health concern despite being largely preventable and
treatable. According to
the World Health Organization, approximately 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years
are affected by hypertension globally, with nearly two-thirds living in low- and
middle-income countries. The
burden of hypertension differs across income levels, with higher prevalence and
lower rates of awareness, treatment, and control observed in low- and middle-income
settings compared to high-income countries. These disparities are often associated with differences in
healthcare access, education, and socioeconomic conditions. In Türkiye, hypertension
represents a significant public health problem, with national population-based
studies reporting a prevalence of approximately 30–32% among adults. A major challenge in hypertension management is poor adherence to prescribed
treatment regimens. Studies indicate that nearly half of individuals diagnosed with
hypertension discontinue treatment within the first year, and among those who
continue, only about half adhere consistently to their medication as
recommended. Multiple
factors contribute to non-adherence, including limited knowledge, medication side
effects, treatment costs, forgetfulness, and the chronic nature of
therapy. Additionally, the asymptomatic nature of hypertension and patients’ beliefs regarding
the necessity of medication may further reduce adherence. In the context of chronic
diseases, individuals often rely on religious beliefs as a coping mechanism
alongside biomedical treatment.
Health fatalism, defined as the belief that health outcomes are predetermined and
beyond individual control, has been identified as an important factor influencing
health behaviors. Previous
studies have shown that higher levels of fatalistic beliefs are associated with
reduced engagement in health-promoting behaviors and treatment adherence, and may also be related to lower levels of education and
health literacy. Religious and
cultural factors play a significant role in shaping fatalistic attitudes. In some
contexts, religious interpretations may reinforce the perception that illness is
inevitable or divinely predetermined, which can reduce individuals’ perceived
control over their health.
Furthermore, fatalism has been associated with health literacy. Individuals with
limited health literacy may be more likely to adopt fatalistic beliefs due to
difficulties in understanding disease processes and treatment
requirements. This
interaction between fatalism and health literacy may negatively influence treatment
adherence and overall health outcomes.
remains a major public health concern despite being largely preventable and
treatable. According to
the World Health Organization, approximately 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years
are affected by hypertension globally, with nearly two-thirds living in low- and
middle-income countries. The
burden of hypertension differs across income levels, with higher prevalence and
lower rates of awareness, treatment, and control observed in low- and middle-income
settings compared to high-income countries. These disparities are often associated with differences in
healthcare access, education, and socioeconomic conditions. In Türkiye, hypertension
represents a significant public health problem, with national population-based
studies reporting a prevalence of approximately 30–32% among adults. A major challenge in hypertension management is poor adherence to prescribed
treatment regimens. Studies indicate that nearly half of individuals diagnosed with
hypertension discontinue treatment within the first year, and among those who
continue, only about half adhere consistently to their medication as
recommended. Multiple
factors contribute to non-adherence, including limited knowledge, medication side
effects, treatment costs, forgetfulness, and the chronic nature of
therapy. Additionally, the asymptomatic nature of hypertension and patients’ beliefs regarding
the necessity of medication may further reduce adherence. In the context of chronic
diseases, individuals often rely on religious beliefs as a coping mechanism
alongside biomedical treatment.
Health fatalism, defined as the belief that health outcomes are predetermined and
beyond individual control, has been identified as an important factor influencing
health behaviors. Previous
studies have shown that higher levels of fatalistic beliefs are associated with
reduced engagement in health-promoting behaviors and treatment adherence, and may also be related to lower levels of education and
health literacy. Religious and
cultural factors play a significant role in shaping fatalistic attitudes. In some
contexts, religious interpretations may reinforce the perception that illness is
inevitable or divinely predetermined, which can reduce individuals’ perceived
control over their health.
Furthermore, fatalism has been associated with health literacy. Individuals with
limited health literacy may be more likely to adopt fatalistic beliefs due to
difficulties in understanding disease processes and treatment
requirements. This
interaction between fatalism and health literacy may negatively influence treatment
adherence and overall health outcomes.