Competencies and Ethical Governance for Psychedelic‑Assisted Therapies: A Practice‑Embedded Quality‑Improvement Framework.

Prostate cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among men in the United States and other resource-rich countries worldwide, excluding skin cancers []. Treatment decision-making and survivorship care for localized prostate cancer (LPC) present significant challenges due to the complexity of available options, including active surveillance, prostatectomy, and radiation therapy, which offer similar survival outcomes but vary in complications and side effects that profoundly impact patients’ quality of life (QOL) []. Thus, LPC and its treatment are often associated with uncertainty [], anxiety [], and decision regret []. Men and their families face significant psychosocial and support needs but often have limited access to personalized health information and supportive care resources []. Beyond initial treatment decisions, men with LPC often live with persistent urinary, sexual, and bowel problems, fatigue, and emotional distress that shape their day-to-day life and create ongoing informational and supportive care needs throughout survivorship []. Recent work on digital and nurse-led survivorship programs suggests that interventions incorporating tailored self-management advice are generally feasible and acceptable, although their effects on longer-term outcomes such as patient activation and health-related QOL remain mixed [,]. Family caregivers, who frequently coordinate care, manage symptoms at home, and provide emotional and practical support, also describe feeling underprepared for their role and report substantial unmet informational and psychosocial needs after treatment completion [,]. Although information seeking and processing are critical for informed decision-making and improved health outcomes, men with LPC, with a median age of a cancer diagnosis at 67 years, often struggle to find, retrieve, and retain complex medical information due to a decline in cognitive and sensory functions, particularly during medical encounters. Research has shown that 40%‐80% of information provided during medical consultations is forgotten almost immediately, with recall often incomplete and erroneous due to factors such as emotional stress, low health literacy, and the sheer volume of information presented []. This challenge is particularly acute during diagnosis and posttreatment care transitions, as patients and families must manage complex treatment decisions, emotional and cognitive burden, overwhelming information, and major changes in daily functioning.