Building a Natural Language Processing Augmented Information Support System to Enhance Supportive Care for Patients With Prostate Cancer and Families: User-Centered, Iterative Approach.

Relationships between predator and prey influence ecosystems through trophic pressure. These relationships take many forms with the outcomes often reliant on differential locomotor performance from both the predator and the prey. Among terrestrial species, predators tend to have greater power and acceleration for catching prey, whereas prey tend to have greater manoeuvrability, including enhanced braking capacity, to evade predators during pursuits []. These generalised aspects of pursuit locomotion can be explored through a combination of biomechanics, body shape and posture, as these are closely associated with how powerful or manoeuvrable an animal can be. For example, the crouched posture of Felids is suggested to increase acceleration and manoeuvrability, which could be related to their hunting success [, ]. The relationship between hunting behaviour and limb shape has also been broadly studied in many predatory mammals [, , , , , , ]. However, these studies have primarily focused on the relationship between shape of skeletal shape with ecomorphology. Fewer studies have broadly explored how a species’ ecomorphology varies with the more complex and dynamic spatiotemporal characteristics of gait. In one of the earliest studies, Hildebrand [] examined the stride patterns of a cheetah () and a horse (), noting that cheetahs had evolved to travel short distances at extreme speeds, whereas horses had evolved to travel greater distances at high speeds. By overlaying the sequence of frames from a film, Hildebrand found that the sagittal view of horses showed minimal changes in spine flexion and extension and trunk height, while the cheetah showed extreme flexion and extension of the spine with accompanying changes in trunk height. These differences in spatiotemporal gait characteristics were attributed to the differences in locomotor performance between these two species. The spatiotemporal analysis of a stride, in its early conception, provided an understanding of how motion of the spine and limbs change to achieve different ecological outcomes. A complication in comparing gaits occurs since variation may arise from changes in the relative length of segments, posture (i.e., relative angle of segments), and spatiotemporal characteristics (i.e., relative change of angle throughout a stride). Previous studies have often tried to correct or control for multiple facets of this variation [, ]. Yet the ability to include all this variation while differentiating these gaits would allow us to track how the interplay between form and function is linked to changes in ecological niche partitioning, for example changes associated with different hunting strategies.