Negotiating the Transition from Acute Hospital Care to Home: Perspectives of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury, Caregivers, and Healthcare Providers.

Depression-related psychiatric disorders are among the most prevalent mental illnesses worldwide, characterized primarily by persistent low mood, anhedonia, cognitive dysfunction, and somatic symptoms., Depressive disorders constitute a major global public health concern and contribute substantially to the global burden of disease and disability, placing considerable pressure on healthcare systems, social functioning, and productivity., Although traditional antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and norepinephrine-dopamine modulators, are widely used in clinical practice, their therapeutic efficacy is often limited, with delayed onset of action, poor response in certain patients, and notable side effects., Pathophysiologically, depression is considered a result of multifactorial interactions involving neurotransmitter imbalance, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired neurogenesis, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation. More recently, gut-brain axis disturbances, immune activation, and energy metabolism abnormalities have also been implicated in the onset and progression of depression. Such complex pathological networks limit the effectiveness of single-target drugs, highlighting the need for natural compounds with multi-target, multi-system regulatory properties as promising candidates for depression prevention and therapy. Natural products, owing to their structural diversity, mild pharmacological effects, and lower side-effect profiles, have shown unique advantages in central nervous system research., Flavonoids, a class of polyphenolic compounds derived from plants, exhibit potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and antidepressant-like effects., Extensive studies indicate that flavonoids can modulate neurotransmitter systems (e.g, 5-HT, DA, NE), enhance brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, improve mitochondrial function, and suppress neuroinflammation, thereby suggesting antidepressant-like potential in animal models.