Contextualizing Rural/Non-Rural Differences in Pediatric Primary Care Patterns in South Carolina: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Parkinsonism refers to a group of movement disorders, including tremors, slow movement, impaired speech, and muscle stiffness, caused by reduced dopamine activity in the brain[]. Emergence of parkinsonian features over an acute or subacute time course is strongly suggestive of an underlying secondary etiology. A notable exception is the rare autosomal dominant condition known as rapid-onset dystonia–parkinsonism, a genetically mediated disorder linked to chromosome 19[]. Parkinsonism is usually idiopathic, most often due to Parkinson’s disease, but similar symptoms can arise from drugs, brain injury, toxic exposure, structural brain lesions (e.g., chronic subdural hematoma or vascular lesions), metabolic abnormalities, or other neurological disorders. Secondary causes affect 14–16% of people over 40 and typically require evaluation by neurologists and neurosurgeons,.