The Place of Marginalization in Bioethics: Do We Need the Concept?

Chronic pain and anxiety are often interrelated and can exacerbate each other, but the underlying neuronal circuitry mechanisms are incompletely understood An increasing number of preclinical observations suggests a role for the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus as a critical link between nociception and the affective components of pain The neuronal circuitry through which glutamatergic neurons of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus mediate both nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors remains unexplored