Robot-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw treatment versus traditional surgical reduction fixation in the treatment of Hawkins type Ⅱ talus fracture: a retrospective study of an average two-year fo

With rapid advances in cancer detection and treatment, survival rates have improved steadily, transforming cancer from a predominantly acute, life-threatening condition into a chronic disease requiring long-term management [, ]. A “cancer survivor” refers to an individual from the time of cancer diagnosis through the remainder of life, including those undergoing active treatment as well as those who have completed treatment []. Consequently, the objectives of oncology care have expanded beyond merely prolonging survival to encompass the preservation and restoration of post-treatment functional capacity and overall well-being []. Nevertheless, a substantial proportion of individuals living with and beyond a cancer diagnosis, including those undergoing active treatment, experience persistent physical impairments during or after treatment, including pain, fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, lymphedema, and mobility limitations []. These symptoms can severely restrict daily activities and independence, while also exacerbating psychological distress and compromising health-related quality of life (HRQoL) []. A comprehensive understanding of the prevalence, distribution, and correlates of these functional impairments is therefore critical for improving survivorship care and QoL outcomes among cancer survivors []. Physical functional impairments are highly prevalent among cancer survivors and often persist long after the completion of treatment. In Western populations, up to 36.7% of survivors report ongoing physical limitations [], whereas in South Korea, 87% of patients experience at least one physical problem during or after treatment []. Despite this substantial burden, engagement in supportive and rehabilitative services remains low, reflecting a gap between patients’ functional needs and available care []. Commonly reported barriers include limited service availability, transportation challenges, and financial constraint []. Understanding these barriers is important for contextualizing disparities in functional outcomes and QoL, particularly from a nursing perspective, where early identification of functional needs and care barriers is essential across rehabilitation settings. However, most existing studies have focused on high-income countries [] or specific cancer types, such as breast cancer [] and colorectal cancer []. This limits the generalizability of findings to more heterogeneous cancer populations and to health systems with different resource constraints. Although cancer-type-specific studies provide important insights into disease-specific functional outcomes, they often fail to capture the shared and cross-cutting burden of physical functional impairments across different malignancies, particularly in real-world survivorship settings where multimorbidity, mixed treatment histories, and overlapping symptom profiles are common [, ]. From a clinical nursing and rehabilitation perspective, cross-cancer population studies are particularly valuable for identifying shared functional impairment patterns that can inform universal screening strategies and early rehabilitation triage systems []. Additionally, in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), where approximately 70% of global cancer deaths occur, survivorship care is often underdeveloped, rehabilitation services are unevenly distributed, and systematic screening for functional impairments is not routinely implemented. In China, which has one of the largest and fastest-growing cancer burdens worldwide [, ], these challenges are further amplified by regional disparities in healthcare resources, limited rehabilitation workforce capacity, and a lack of standardized assessment pathways for functional impairment detection []. Moreover, evidence regarding the prevalence of physical functional impairments across multiple cancer types and their associations with HRQoL in Chinese populations remains scarce.