Selective retinal neuron loss and impaired neurovascular support underlie myopic retinopathy in RPE-specific Lrp2-deficient mice.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) has emerged as a minimally invasive therapeutic option for selected pancreatic lesions. By combining high-resolution endosonographic imaging with real-time needle-guided delivery of thermal energy, EUS-RFA enables local tumor ablation while potentially reducing the morbidity associated with pancreatic surgery. To date, most clinical experience has been reported in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, where EUS-RFA has shown encouraging feasibility, efficacy, and safety in carefully selected patients [,]. More recently, its potential role has been explored in other pancreatic tumors, including locally advanced pancreatic cancer and metastatic lesions, although the evidence remains limited [,]. Metastases to the pancreas are uncommon and represent a small proportion of pancreatic malignancies. Among secondary pancreatic tumors, renal cell carcinoma is the most frequent primary malignancy, followed by other tumors such as lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, and sarcoma [,]. Pancreatic metastases may occur years after treatment of the primary tumor and can present as isolated, oligometastatic, or as part of disseminated disease. In selected patients, especially those with limited pancreatic involvement and controlled extra-pancreatic disease, local treatment may contribute to disease control and delay the need for systemic treatment escalation [,]. Surgical resection remains the standard local treatment for selected patients with resectable pancreatic metastases. However, only a minority of patients present with a single, potentially resectable pancreatic lesion []. The benefit of metastasectomy in terms of patient survival has been most consistently observed for metastases from renal cell carcinoma, whereas for other primary tumors, the role of surgery remains often mainly palliative []. Moreover, pancreatic surgery is technically demanding and may be associated with substantial morbidity, particularly in patients with multiple lesions, lesions located in different pancreatic segments, previous abdominal surgery, comorbidities, or limited functional reserve. Therefore, pancreatic metastasectomy should be considered only after careful multidisciplinary assessment, balancing potential oncological benefit against procedural risk [,].