RSM and GA-BP assisted optimization of enzyme-ultrasound assisted extraction for mulberry fruit polysaccharides and comparison of their protective effects on NAFLD with hot water extraction polysaccha

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among health care workers, highlighting the need for greater awareness, targeted screening, and preventive measures in high-risk individuals. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid hormone essential for calcium–phosphate homeostasis, skeletal mineralization, and musculoskeletal integrity, with Vitamin D receptors widely distributed across tissues, indicating additional roles in immune modulation, muscle function, and cellular proliferation . Deficiency is linked not only to osteomalacia and osteoporosis but also to non-specific symptoms, including fatigue, myalgia, and reduced functional capacity, thereby impairing quality of life and productivity . Despite abundant sunlight, Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in India due to factors such as darker skin pigmentation, cultural clothing practices, limited outdoor activity, air pollution, and inadequate intake of Vitamin D–rich or fortified foods, all of which reduce cutaneous synthesis and bioavailability .