Current Evidence and Practical Considerations for Adaptogen Use in Exercise Recovery, Training Adaptation, and Exercise Performance in Athletes: A Narrative Review.

The last decade has seen rapid advances in NIPT. Because of the robust performance characteristics of NIPT, it has been widely applied for prenatal screening of fetal trisomy 21, 18 and 13 []. With an increase in sequencing depth and improvement in bioinformatics analysis, the application of NIPT utilizing next-generation sequencing was expanded to detect sex chromosomal aneuploidies (SCAs), rare autosomal aneuploidies (RAAs), fetal CNVs and even single-gene diseases [, ]. However, it is notable that the PPVs of NIPT for SCAs, RAAs and CNVs were lower than those for common aneuploidies that may increase the anxiety of pregnant women and lead to unnecessary invasive prenatal diagnosis []. CNVs can result in various genomic diseases and variable clinical phenotypes. If offspring inherited maternal pathogenic variations, they can be symptomatic and harmful. Although NIPT is mainly applied to detect fetal aneuploidies, growing evidence exhibited that maternal chromosome aberrations can also be identified by NIPT, since more than 80% of cell-free DNA consists of maternal DNA fragment [–]. Brison et al. detected 16 maternal CNVs in DMD by analyzing NIPT data []. Duan et al. demonstrated that expanded NIPT can accurately evaluate maternal CNVs larger than 2 Mb [].