CMR-based aortic stiffness parameters in a symptomatic high risk obstructive sleep apnea cohort: results from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study.

The world is currently facing severe challenges of drinking and domestic water scarcity. Water pollution stands as one of the most critical ecological threats today. Brilliant green (BLG) is primarily utilized in biological staining, bacterial culture differentiation, and as a pH indicator. Therefore, BLG is widely utilized in developing regions or traditional industrial zones. However, BLG exhibits moderate acute toxicity, along with clear mutagenic effects and potential carcinogenic and teratogenic risks. Humans can be exposed to BLG either through skin contact (where the dye has been shown to penetrate within 30 s–300 s from dyed paper products) or through the food chain via dye transfer from packaging or contaminated materials. Environmentally, the BLG is not readily biodegradable and exhibits high aquatic toxicity. The complex molecular structure of the BLG makes the BLG resistant to conventional wastewater treatment, resulting in severe water pollution with toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects on both aquatic ecosystems and human health [,]. Consequently, the development of efficient technologies and methods for removing BLG from industrial wastewater possesses significant practical importance and environmental urgency. Conventional methods, such as coagulation, flocculation, adsorption, and membrane technology, exhibit extremely low efficiency for the complete conversion of BLG, and ultimately, other secondary wastes are generated. Consequently, the above traditional water treatment approaches are incapable of safely degrading BLG in industrial wastewater. Photocatalytic advanced oxidation technology, which is regarded as an emerging mainstream method for water environment purification, has attracted growing attention from researchers. The photocatalytic advanced oxidation process has potential owing to its low cost, high efficiency, lower energy cost, environmental friendliness, and ability to completely decompose organic pollutants in wastewater []. However, conventional photocatalysts such as metal oxide ZnO and TiO face challenges in practical applications, which include a wider bandgap, high recombination efficiency of photogenerated electrons and photogenerated holes, and less active sites [,]. In order to address these challenges, the evolution of new photocatalysts, which have expeditious visible light responsiveness, a high carrier separation efficiency, and a high specific area, has become a central research focus in the field of photocatalytic oxidation processes [].